TMJ - Temporomandibular Joint in Barcelona

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are TMJ disorders?

TMJ disorders (TMJD) are problems that affect the temporomandibular joint and surrounding muscles. They can cause pain, stiffness, limited movement and abnormal sounds when moving the jaw.

What are the symptoms of TMJ disorders?

Common symptoms include pain or tenderness in the jaw and teeth, pain on one or both sides of the musculature, ear pain, difficulty chewing, headache, locking of the jaw, and clicking or popping when opening or closing the mouth.

What causes TMJ disorders?

Causes may include jaw injury, arthritis, joint disc wear, bruxism (teeth grinding), misalignment of the teeth or jaw, and stress, which can lead to muscle tension.

How are TMJ disorders diagnosed?

Diagnosis is made by physical examination, review of symptoms and, in some cases, imaging tests such as X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the structure of the TMJ.

What are the common treatments for TMJ disorders?

Treatments may vary according to the severity of the disorder and include:
-Non-surgical therapies: Stretching and strengthening exercises, relaxation techniques, physical therapy and the use of occlusal splints.
-Alternative therapies: Acupuncture, massage and biofeedback techniques.
-Surgical treatments: In severe cases, interventions such as arthrocentesis, arthroscopy or open surgery of the TMJ may be necessary.

What is an occlusal splint and how does it help in the treatment of TMJ?

It is a custom-made removable methacrylate appliance that is placed over the upper or lower teeth to balance the load on the jaw, prevent bruxism and relieve pain and muscle tension.

Is it possible to prevent TMJ disorders?

Although it is not always possible to prevent them, maintaining good posture, avoiding habits such as chewing gum or biting hard objects, reducing stress and using dental protection during sports activities can help reduce the risk.

How long does the treatment of TMJ disorders last?

The duration of treatment varies depending on the severity of the disorder and the patient’s response. Some may experience relief within a few weeks, while others may require long-term treatment. Several visits and regular maintenance are necessary to counteract and balance the effects of bruxism.

Can I do exercises at home to relieve TMJ symptoms?

Yes, your dentist or physical therapist can recommend specific exercises to stretch and strengthen the jaw muscles, improve mobility and reduce pain. It is important to follow professional instructions to avoid injury.

Can stress affect the TMJ?

Yes, stress can contribute to the development and worsening of TMJ disorders by causing muscle tension and habits such as bruxism. Stress management techniques, such as meditation and yoga, can be beneficial.

When should I see a specialist for TMJ disorders?

You should see a specialist if you experience persistent jaw pain, difficulty opening or closing your mouth, joint noises that do not go away, or any other symptoms that interfere with your daily activities.

What type of specialist treats TMJ disorders?

TMJ disorders can be treated by dentists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, orthodontists, physical therapists and, in some cases, otolaryngologists or neurologists.